In china, controlling environmental pollution resulting from solid waste sw and hazardous waste hw has become one of the most pressing tasks in the field of environmental engineering. Electricity can be produced by burning municipal solid waste msw as a fuel. Msw typically consists of metals, glass, plastics, paper, wood, organics, mixed categories, and composite products. Environmental protection agency office of resource conservation and recovery. Feasibility of recovering energy from municipal solid waste to generate electricity article pdf available in journal of engineering and technological sciences 453. Financial analysis of electricity generation from municipal solid waste. Municipal solid waste generation worldwide by income group. When materials are recycled, they use less natural resources and energy, and help protect the environment.
Changforecasting municipal solid waste generation in a fastgrowing urban region with system dynamics modelling waste management, 25 7 2005, pp. United states environmental protection agency i 1 i municipal solid waste generation, recycling, and disposal in the united states. Increased generation of methane ch 4 from municipal solid wastes msw alarms the world to take proper initiative for the sustainable management of msw, because it is 34 times stronger than carbon dioxide co 2. With rising urbanization and change in lifestyle and food habits, the amount of municipal solid waste has been increasing rapidly and its composition has been changing. Pdf technical potential of electricity production from municipal. Municipal solid waste generation, recycling, and disposal in the united states. Forecasting municipal solid waste generation in major european cities p.
Msw generated in kuala lumpur in 2002 is given in table 2. Waste other than liquid or gaseous is called solid waste, it can be classified as municipal, industrial, agricultural, medical and sewage sludge. Introduction the energy and land requirements associated with managing the enormous amount of waste our society generates is a leading topic of discussion in the growing sustainability movement. Quantity of small scale municipal solid waste available in each of the states of nigeria was assessed and determined. Pdf electricity production from municipal solid waste in brazil. One of the most important objectives of the eu policy is to decouple waste generation from economic growth. Energy generation from municipal solid waste by innovative. This research study presents a technoeconomic assessment potential to utilize the energy obtainable from msw for the generation of electrical power. Sources of msw we estimated residential waste including waste from apartment houses to be 55 to 65 percent of total msw generation. Municipal solid waste recycling is also important, both for the earth and the environment. Ghazipur is one of the three existing landfills of delhi that has come up with a waste to energy wte plant processing and disposing off the municipal waste. For context, if the 171 million tons of unrecycled msw was used to generate electricity at the. Municipal solid waste with an average composition shown in table 1.
Wastetoenergy options in municipal solid waste management giz. The municipal corporation of delhi mcd is amongst the largest municipal bodies in the world catering to an estimated population of 17 million citizens by providing civic services. Waste management and minimization solid wastes for power generation swithenbank j, nasserzadeh v and. Msw power plants, also called waste to energy wte plants, are designed to dispose of msw and to produce electricity as a byproduct of the incinerator operation. Gasification of municipal solid waste for power generation. Energy recovery can also be achieved from different methods of managing waste including. This paper is an attempt to estimate the power generation potential through utilization of municipal solid waste msw in order to overcome energy crisis, faced by country now a days. Municipal waste generation european environment agency. All municipal waste incinerators in the uk recover energy from waste in the form of electricity andor heat generation see box 1.
The cons of municipal solid waste generation can be many if the right methods of. A nonmunicipal solid waste facility is a solid waste facility other then a municipal landfill. Generation of electrical energy from municipal solid waste msw is a complex process since the waste has to undergo various unit processes before it is put in to the process of energy production. Pdf brazil has an increasing production of municipal solid waste that, allied to the current waste management system, makes the search for. Municipal solid wastemethodology for allocating municipal. The term msw describes the stream of solid waste trash or garbage generated by households and. Solid waste management in vietnam at a glance municipal solid waste generation tonsyr national urban areas rural areas 12,800,000 6,400,000 6,400,000 hazardous waste generation by industries tonsyr 128,400 non hazardous waste generation by industries tonsyr 2,510,000 hazardous healthcare waste generation tonsyr 21,000. Waste management and minimization solid wastes for power generation swithenbank j, nasserzadeh v and goh r encyclopedia of life support systems eolss low pollution disposal of this waste is incineration with the production of electricity, and heat for district heating. Carpet and rug fibers and paddingunderlay recovered for recycling. Sometimes others use the term energy from waste or direct combustion to describe incineration. Electricity from municipal solid waste power scorecard.
Sep 24, 2018 this statistic represents the municipal solid waste generation worldwide in 2016 with a 2050 projection, by income group. The generators of municipal solid waste are broadly classified as residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, construction, demolition, municipal and agricultural types. Energy generation from municipal solid waste by innovative technologies plasma gasification. Assessment of municipal solid waste for energy production. Project site ghazipur, delhi solid waste management landfill site incineration, land filling, pyrolysis, biomethanation and composting. Pdf energy from municipal solid waste researchgate.
Generation, characteristics and energy potential of solid. Physical and chemical characteristics of the various types of solid wastes were analysed and their values estimated. Materials and energy from municipal solid waste advisory panel lois sharpe, chairman league of women voters of the united states retired seymour l. Mounting land scarcity issue around the world brands the waste to energy wte strategy for msw management in urban areas as a promising option, because wte not only reduces the. Selco pioneers in waste to energy sector selco international limited is a hyderabad based company with core business focus on energy generation from msw. Reconsidering municipal solid waste as a renewable energy feedstock july 2009 for many years, opposition to the use of municipal solid waste msw as an energy resource has been nearly universal among activists and regulators. Waste to energy generation from municipal solid waste in india. Feasibility of recovering energy from municipal solid.
Generation of carpets and rugs classified as municipal solid waste total generation of carpets and rugs 9 carpets and rugs classified as construction and demolition waste 10. Environmental protection agency office of resource conservation and. Mounting land scarcity issue around the world brands the waste to energy wte strategy for msw management in urban areas as a promising option, because wte not. Pdf current status of municipal solid waste generation. Urban municipal solid waste generation with landfills. Municipal solid waste management mswm refers to the collection, transfer, treatment, recycling, resources recovery and disposal of solid waste in urban areas. As malaysia is a fastdeveloping country, its prospects of sustainable energy generation are at the center of debate. Municipal solid waste msw generation rate has increased globally over the. Pdf electricity generation in nigeria from municipal. Municipal solid wastes provide a clean source of fuel which can be used for power and steam generation. The wastetoenergy has proven itself to be an environment friendly solution for the disposal of municipal solid waste.
This paper attempts to estimate the potential for electricity generation through municipal solid waste msw in 353 cities in india and also attempts to estimate the potential to avoid the ghg emission through msw to energy conversion. Municipal solid wastes as delivered in compaction vehicles have been found to have a typical value about 300 kgm3. The generation, characteristics and energy potential of municipal solid waste for power generation in nigeria is presented in this paper. The waste toenergy has proven itself to be an environment friendly solution for the disposal of municipal solid waste. Information and data on the physical characteristics of solid wastes are important for the selection and operation of equipment and for the analysis and design of disposal facilities.
Methodology for allocating municipal solid waste to biogenic and nonbiogenic energy may 2007 energy information administration office of coal, nuclear, electric and alternate fuels u. Greenhouse gas emissions from management of selected materials in municipal solid waste. Unfortunately, current electrical generation efficiencies for. Potential options for reducing the current amount of waste disposed in landfills include reducing the generation of waste, reuse of materials, increasing the amount recycled, andor diverting a portion of the stream through other conversion processes. Assessment of power generation potential from municipal.
Waste from commercial and institutional locations, such as schools, hospitals, and businesses, amounted to 35 to 45 percent. Assessment of the contemporary municipal solid waste. Municipal solid waste generation, recycling, and disposal in. Unfortunately, combustion of municipal solid waste msw and many other wastes results in corrosive flue gases that attack boiler components such as superheater tubes.
Data shows that municipal solid waste msw generation in the eu27 has been stabilising after around 520 kgcapita since 2000, despite the continuous economic growth until 2008. Waste composition component wet weight, lb percent mc food waste 8 70 paper 28 6. The recycling market plays an important role in the waste infrastructure. Discards of carpets and rugs classified as municipal solid waste generation of. Thermal analysis of a smallscale municipal solid wastefired steam generator was done. Renewable municipal solid waste pathways for energy. Potential of msw for electricity production in some cities in nigeria was performed. Municipal solid waste generation is an issue of worldwide concern. Municipal solid waste as a source of electric power generation in. While the first classification focuses on the purely. Thermal analysis of a smallscale municipal solid waste fired steam generator was done. The major physical characteristics measured in waste are. Estimation of power generation from solid waste generated. Open dumpsite approach as solid waste disposal method is a primitive stage of solid waste management in many parts of the world.
Msw is posing a hazard to the environment and to the people if it is burned in open pits. Financial analysis of electricity generation from municipal. For each product, a brief discussion, a flow diagram, and major data. This is true both in developed and in developing nations. Environmental protection agency epa has collected and reported data on the generation and disposal of waste in the united states for more than 30 years. Utilization of municipal solid waste as a sustainable.
Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in. Nov 27, 20 the continued concerns over energy prices, increase in population, and climate change issues have led towards a need for alternative and new energy sources. As an example, the 2004 survey of msw waste management in the u. This statistic represents the municipal solid waste generation worldwide in 2016 with a 2050 projection, by income group. It is recommended that you use an electronic spreadsheet when you do this problem. Wastetoenergy wte technology burns municipal solid waste msw in an environmentally safe combustion system to generate electricity, provide district heat, and reduce the. Electricity generation in nigeria from municipal solid waste using the swedish wasteto energy model article pdf available november 2016 with 79 reads how we measure reads.
Waste generation, composition and management data 2006 ipcc guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories 2. Evaluation of emissions from thermal conversion technologies. Waste profile of cities was determined using population and per capita. Solid waste management is becoming a big challenge for the cities administrations in many developing countries mainly due to the magnitude of rapid urbanization and increasing population growth which in turn have greatly accelerated the municipal solid waste generation rate in the urban environment williams, 2000. Characterization of municipal solid waste in the federal.
The current situation of solid waste generation and its. Malaysian municipal solid waste msw is projected to have a 3. Oct 27, 2011 one of the most important objectives of the eu policy is to decouple waste generation from economic growth. The effect of the recent economic crisis can be a reason of the further reductions in 20082009. Electricity generation from municipal solid waste in some selected. Municipal solid waste generation, recycling, and disposal. Msw generation, tipping fee, and electricity cost for region. Annual estimation o f municipal solid waste i n the federal capital, abuja for year 2010. Municipal solid waste generation, recycling and disposal in the united states. Pdf feasibility of recovering energy from municipal solid. Pdf this article presents an analysis of possibilities for electrical energy production by using municipal solid waste disposed in the biggest. Low income regions were projected to produce approximately 283 million. It is reported that the annual generation of industrial solid waste isw in china exceeded 0. The methodology for estimating generation, recovery, and discards are described separately.
Nationally, we recycled and composted 85 million tons of municipal solid waste. Technical potential of electricity production from municipal solid. Gasification of municipal solid waste for power generation in. Forecasting municipal solid waste generation in major.
Electricity generation from municipal solid waste cdm. Article information, pdf download for technical potential of electricity production from municipal solid. Introduction municipal solid waste generation is an issue of worldwide concern. Municipal solid waste msw is generally accepted as a renewable energy resource. The tremendous rise in municipal solid waste msw in the fastgrowing cities of. The direct burning of these wastes as a waste management option in the. The goals of municipal solid waste management are to promote the quality of the urban environment, generate employment and income, and. India waste generation scenario every year, about 55 million tonnes of municipal solid waste msw and 38 billion liters of sewage are generated in the urban areas of india 1. Generation, recovery, and discards of materials in msw, 2012 in millions of tons and percent of generation of each material includes waste from residential, commercial, and institutional sources. The continued concerns over energy prices, increase in population, and climate change issues have led towards a need for alternative and new energy sources. Development of municipal solid waste generation and. Pdf electricity production from municipal solid waste in. Municipal solid waste to energy generation in bangladesh. Estimation of energy content of municipal solid waste.
Pdf current status of municipal solid waste generation in. An understanding of the relationships between the quantity and quality of environmentally relevant. Dec 03, 2014 because the densities of solid wastes vary markedly with geographic location, season of the year, the length of time in storage, great care should be used in selecting typical values. Hence, management of solid waste has become very important in order to minimize the adverse impacts of municipal solid waste on the environment. The study proposes mixed msw incineration that could be a potential wte strategy for renewable electricity generation in bangladesh. Any organic waste from urban and rural areas and industries is a resource due to its ability to get degraded, resulting in energy generation. Northern energy corporation association of american railroads frank fernbach united steel workers of america retired r, talbot page resources for the future, inc.
Salhofer 2001 has classified models for the analysis of waste generation into two categories. Municipal solid waste generation, recycling, and disposal in the united states tables and figures for 2012 u. Municipal solid waste msw is the stream of garbage collected by sanitation services from homes, businesses, and institutions. Salhofer institute of waste management, boku university of natural resources and applied life sciences, vienna, austria abstract. Ago, 1997 the value of c is zero if the landfill is still accepting waste. Pdf power generation from municipal solid waste in ghana linda ahunu academia. The normal method to convert the energy in waste into electricity is. Municipal solid waste msw in the united states is simultaneously a significant disposal problem in many locations and a potentially valuable resource.
A typical waste management system in india includes the following elements. Municipal solid waste is also generated by human and animal activities that are discarded as useless. Selco has set up the first commercial garbage processing plant in india at gandhamguda village on the outskirts of hyderabad way back in 1999. Department of energy washington, dc 20585 this report was prepared by the energy information administration, the independent statistical and.
Estimation of power generation from municipal solid wastes. This survey, published in biocycle journal as state of garbage in america sog, was based on data provided by the waste. These technologies help to generate energy in the form of heat, electricity and fuel and also remarkably reduce the diversion of biomass waste from landfill. Some authors have also assessed the energy recovery potential of biogas from anaerobic digestion for generating electricity or thermal energy in. Assessment of power generation potential from municipal solid. Reconsidering municipal solid waste as a renewable energy. Furthermore, the study examined the national trend of waste generation and management since the beginning of this century and explored options for improved data collection and waste management at the state and national levels.
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